Thursday, March 31, 2016

High Court Verdict: Islam As State Religion in Bangladesh Will Stay


Bangladesh Supreme Court building, where the High Court is housed, in Dhaka
Photo courtesy: AFP



Bangladesh High Court on March 28, 2016, rejected a writ petition that was submitted for removing Islam as the state religion in the 90%-Muslim-majority country. It means that Islam as the state religion of Bangladesh will continue.


A 15-member secularist activist group – having lawyers, university professors, writers and journalists – had filed the petition in 1988 challenging the status of Islam as the state religion in the country, which in December of 1971 had emerged as an independent but secular country from Islam-oriented Pakistan. They argued that the state religion conflicted with the Bangladesh’s secular character and discriminated against religious minorities. 


Only in June, 2011 did the court take up the case when the petitioners filled a supplementary plea challenging the status. The court then asked the government why the special status of Islam should not be scrapped. But the decision was further adjourned and the verdict was given on March 28 this year. In the same year of 2011, Sheikh Hasina’s government amended the country’s constitution and added “secularism” in it but retained Islam as the state religion. 


It is to be noted that military ruler President Ziaur Rahman came to power in the mid-1970s. To appease Muslim countries like Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Libya and some others, he allowed important leaders of the banned Jamaat-i-Islam party  to return to the country from Pakistan and participate in politics. In 1977, with an amendment, he erased secularism from the country’s constitution. Another military ruler and President, Hussain Muhammad Ershad, made Islam as the state religion bringing a constitutional amendment.

In 1988, when the Ershad government was preparing to make Islam as the state religion, religious minorities, including Christians, were apprehensive of the outcomes and repercussions on them because of their second-class status after enjoying equal status with the Muslims since the 1971 independence. 



At the latest verdict of March 28, the religious minorities feel let down in the face of increasing deadly attacks on them (Protestant pastor Rev. Luke Sarker in Pabna District, Italian Catholic priestFather Piero Parolari in Dinajpur Town, and Hindu priest Jogeswar Roy in Panchagarh District) in the recent past. 


‘Secularism’ (which means religious freedom for all religions and no state interference in any one) and ‘Islam as the state religion’ (which means the direct intervention of the state regarding Islam) are two opposites that dilute the consistency in the Constitution of Bangladesh.


To learn more on the writ-petition and background information on the state religion, please read the following:

 (To be updated)

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Tuesday, March 29, 2016

DESHER ALO: A Publication of Toronto


Desher Alo -- Bengali-language weekly -- from Toronto
It's a print edition newspaper that covers news, features, and articles on Bangladesh, Canada and world -- politics, economy, religion, environment, education, science and technology, immigration, food, sports, and more. 

Email contact: desheralo@hotmail.com


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Monday, March 28, 2016

MACLEAN'S: A Publication of Toronto


Maclean's -- an Englishl-language weekly-- from Toronto
It's a general-interest and current-affiars weekly magazine providing news, features, columns, and articles on Canada and world, politics, economy, society, religion, life and style, education, health, environment, science and technology, entertainment, aboriginals, sports, books, obituary, and more. 

It's also available online at: Maclean's

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Sunday, March 27, 2016

Friday, March 25, 2016

1971 War Children of Bangladesh Come Alive In the Book 'Ekatturer Juddhoshishu: Obidito Itihash'



The cover of the book, Ekatturer Juddhoshishu: Obidito Itihash, by Mustafa Chowdhury
War children, left with the Missionaries of Charity-run Shishu Bhavan (Children's Home) in Dhaka in late July, 1972
 







All Photos courtesy: Ekatturer Juddhoshishu: Obidito Itihash book


Today is March 25, the 45th anniversary of the Bangladesh war of independence. On this day we remember the untold atrocities the then Pakistani ruling elite unleashed on the freedom-aspiring East Pakistanis (Bangladeshis) in the period of March 25 to December 16, 1971 and the independence that resulted from it. These atrocities included cold-blooded shooting, arson on properties, looting, rape of women, and more. More than 10 million people fled the country to take shelter as refugees in neighbouring India. 


According to the Bangladesh Government figures, more than 300,000 persons were killed in the then East Pakistan, more than 200,000 girls and women were raped, and millions of dollars worth of properties looted and burnt to ashes.


Today, we specially remember the raped women and war babies born thereof. Mustafa Chowdhury, an English-language professor in Bangladesh and later a Canadian government civil servant in Ottawa, authored a Bengali-language book Ekatturer Juddhoshishu: Obidito Itihash (1971 War Children: Untold History) last year. For writing this book, the author did his research for 15 years visiting archives in Canada, Dhaka, Geneva, London, and New York, interviewing numerous stakeholders in Bangladesh and Canada involved in the adoption of 15 war babies in Canada , and interacting with the war babies themselves. 

 

This book provides a short historical background of the war babies and the role of the Missionaries of Charity and Government agencies in Bangladesh in their adoption; tradition and existing laws on adoption in Bangladesh and Canada; hurdles faced both in Bangladesh and Canada about adoption of these babies; the long journey and logistics involved in the journey of these babies from Bangladesh to Canada; short life-sketches of the adoptive parents and their adopted children; how much love and care these babies received in new families; perspectives and experiences of adoptive parents regarding these new children; and feelings, attitudes and life-experiences of the adopted children in Canada. It is interesting to note that a good number of these adoptive parents had also adopted one or more children from different countries in addition to having their own biological children. 


From this book, we get a glimpse of the 15 Bangladesh war babies in Canada at the time of writing of it: 

  • Amina – this name given at the time of her birth in Bangladesh (Amina Lynn Wolsey – the new name give to her in Canada after the adoption) – After high school, Amina studied Bachelor of Education from the University of Western Ontario in Ontario. She then did her second Bachelor of Education degree from York University in Toronto. She also completed her M.A. in Education from the University of Toronto. After staying in Chile, China, and Germany for some timew, she is teaching at the newly-built International School in Al Khail of Dubai. She visited Bangladesh twice.
  • Arun (wants to remain anonymous regarding his given new name in Canada) – He was sent to Mussorie Woodstock International School in the Uttar Pradesh of India, but did not complete studies. On return to Canada, with several tries, he could not complete high school studies. He is now working in different trades. 
  • Bathol (or Badal) (Ryan Bathol Good) – After completing South Huron District High School studies, he received honours degree on Environment and Resources from the University of Waterloo. He visited Bangladesh three times. Once when he heard his mother was originally from Barisal, he went there but could not locate her. He is married and has two children. He owns a bar and a property management company in Kitchener, Ontario.
  • Jarina or Jorina (Lara Jarina Morris) – She received honours degree on Tourism Development from Georgian College and received two prizes for her projects. From Mohawk College of Hamilton, she studied Ontario Management Development Programmes and Leadership Skills. She is good at Music. Various newspapers wrote on her achievements. She has been working at different capacities in different companies.
  • Molly (Shama Jameela Mollie Hartt) – After completing high school studies in Montreal, she received B.A. degree on English Literature from York University in Toronto. Then she got B.Ed. degree from Concordia University in Montreal. She also took courses on teaching English as a second language. Later she received M.A. degree from Concordia University. She also studied Cultural Anthropology. Now she is a teacher.
  • Omar (Christopher Omar Boonstra) – He was physically weak but jolly from babyhood. Although he did not complete high school, he worked in different places. He loves music. Married in 1999, he is happy with a 14-year old daughter.
  • Onil (Mark Onil Mowling) – He studied Psychology for years at York University. He also learnt Tai-chi and completed the teacher’s course on it. He worked in different professions. He is married to a registered nurse.
  • Prodip (Matthew McCullough) – Initially, for some time, his adoptive parents kept contact with other such parents, but later the contact stopped. At the time the parents were living in Halifax of Nova Scotia. So growth and development information on Matthew could not be collected. It is thought that since the parents were originally from the USA, they must have moved there.
  •  Rajib (Rajib Cappuccino Simpson) – During his high school, he was diagnosed with a kind of schizophrenia (mental illness). A lively boy began to slow down and became dependent on the family members who spared no pains to help him out.
  • Rani (Rani Joy Morral) – At birth in Dhaka, she was only one pound in weight. She was growing well in the adoptive family. She was good at music and she loved writing and helping others. She visited Bangladesh and was particularly moved when she saw her name in the abandoned children’s register book at the Shishu Bhavan of the Missionaries of Charity in Dhaka. She used to brood over her biological mother in Bangladesh. After high school, she went to study nursing at the Queens University in Kingston. In the second year, she suffered nervous breakdown due to some mental issues, including anxiety and depression. In spite of the adoptive parents’ love and care and professional psychiatric help, her situation worsened. Sadly, at the age of 27, she committed suicide.
  • Razina (Razina Josee Hogue) – After high school studies, she began to work. Presently, she is working in the Ministry of Public Safety. On work purpose, she needs to visit different countries. Twice she visited Bangladesh.
  • Rufia Rita (Riza Rufia Rochefort) – She studied Graphics Design in college and has been working as an advertising professional. She also worked in Provincial and Federal government offices and also in different banks. 
  • Anonymous: After university studies, this person now is in a professional job. At the request of this person, we are not giving any other information on her.
  • Shikha (Shikha Deepa Margaret Cappuccino) – Although, like most Canadians, she did not complete her high school studies, she began to work. Later from a boyfriend she got a daughter and, after his death, she married a person, from whom she got another daughter. The marriage did not last. As a single mother, she has been raising her daughters well.
  • Shomor (Martin Ribeiro) – Being underweight (only one kilogram) at birth, he had some mental issues, like slow learning. Parents tried their best to deal with the problem with help from professionals. Although he could not complete the high school studies, he managed to get jobs and lead a married life. In 2013, he suddenly died of a heart condition.


Comments of some of these grown-up war babies are both interesting and illuminating (quotes below are taken from the above-mentioned book):


“As our [adoptive] parents celebrated humanity, equality for all people was believed, thought and practiced. With first-hand accounts of inclusion and mainstreaming, we [adopted war babies] are survivors of a road less traveled. Our trials and tribulations have made us who we are. We had the visual appearance of minorities. However, we had been raised in Canadian households as infants. Assimilated into the Canadian culture, we were a new generation of Canadians creating new history.” –Amina Lynn Wolsey


“In all these years, I have never really wondered about my past, my parents or a family I may have left behind in Bangladesh and I have never made any attempt to try to find them.” –Lara Jarina Morris


“As my understanding of war in general and the atrocities that occurred began to increase, so did my realization that I was a result of the Liberation War of Bangladesh. My birthmother was raped by a Pakistani soldier. This realization did not produce any ill will or discontent.” –Ryan Badol Good


“Bangladesh, we were both born of blood. We are both babies of a very tragic but important war. Out of this ferocious bath, you and I were born.” –Ryan Badal Good


“Knowing what I know about the circumstances of my conception and the time period, I have never felt the urge to meet or find my ‘putative’ father. I was told that given the war, it is most likely he raped my birthmother. As for meeting or finding my birthmother, I’ve never felt an urgency.” –Shama Jameela Mollie Hartt


“My birthmother is neither a woman of disrepute nor selfish and uncaring. There is no need to punish the birthmother for relinquishing her child. Every time I think of my birthmother, I thank her for trying her best. I thank her again for giving me up when she knew that she could not have offered me what I needed as a child.” –Mark Onil Mowling


“If I were to place an emotional attachment to any place it would be Canada. My home. For it was here I was accepted and nurtured and loved. And that’s what makes a home for me.” –Mark Onil Mowling


These war babies, in this book, acknowledged the unconditional love and care they received in their Canadian adoptive families and they take Canada as their home. 


This book is a milestone in the coverage of the Bangladesh war baby stories. Those who are interested in the Bangladesh liberation war, it is a must read for them. 


The book has been published by Academic Press and Publishers Library (APPL) in Dhaka and is available from them. It can also be purchased from the author: Call Mustafa Chowdhury -- 613-830-2566 (residence), 613-799-0503 (Cell) or E-mail: mustafa.chowdhury49@gmail.com
(Updated on March 28, 2016)

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Monday, March 21, 2016

IL MIO PAPA (My Pope) -- A Magazine Solely on the Pope


Il Mio Papa (My Pope) -- an Italian-language weekly magazine on the incumbent Pope
Photo courtesy: www.miopapa.it/

 A new illustrated print-magazine, entirely dedicated to the sitting Pope, publishes stories about people and events that inspire the pope; background information on papal remarks; pope's meetings, pronouncements, engagements and audiences; a collection of international cartoons on the pope; a list of the week's TV programmes on the issues related to faith and Christianity; "saints of the week" column, and more. 

Readers can also send letters, poems and other contributions for publication in the magazine. 

Independent Italian publisher, Mondadori, publishes it in several thousand copies a week from Segrate, near Rome, Italy. 

The online edition of the magazine is available at: Il Mio Papa


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